1/22/2024 0 Comments Electric charge of calciumFor example, sodium chloride melts at 801 ☌ and boils at 1413 ☌. Ionic compounds are solids that typically melt at high temperatures and boil at even higher temperatures. You can often recognize ionic compounds because of their properties. However, it is not always true (for example, aluminum chloride, AlCl 3, is not ionic). This guideline works well for predicting ionic compound formation for most of the compounds typically encountered in an introductory chemistry course. The periodic table can help us recognize many of the compounds that are ionic: When a metal is combined with one or more nonmetals, the compound is usually ionic. Similarly, each calcium atom (group 2) can give up two electrons and transfer one to each of two chlorine atoms to form CaCl 2, which is composed of Ca 2+ and Cl − ions in the ratio of one Ca 2+ ion to two Cl − ions.Ī compound that contains ions and is held together by ionic bonds is called an ionic compound. For example, when each sodium atom in a sample of sodium metal (group 1) gives up one electron to form a sodium cation, Na +, and each chlorine atom in a sample of chlorine gas (group 17) accepts one electron to form a chloride anion, Cl −, the resulting compound, NaCl, is composed of sodium ions and chloride ions in the ratio of one Na + ion for each Cl − ion. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the ions of opposite charge present in the compound. When an element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) reacts with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal), a transfer of electrons usually occurs, producing ions. Determine formulas for simple ionic compounds.Predict the type of compound formed from elements based on their location within the periodic table.By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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